Cooperative Research Centre

Question: Compose an article on Cooperative Research Center. Answer: It is seen that Cooperative Research Center for Infrastructure and Engineering Asset Management is resolved to build up the productivity just as maintainability of framework and designing administration. The significant business motivation behind the association is additionally to build up the benefit by keeping up a smooth activity in the framework business. The amalgamation of writing assists with discovering that the association Asset Institute will in general give their infrastructural just as building advantages for government bodies, network and others. There have been numerous cases, where the associations in Research and Development industry encounters misfortunes in activity because of poor administrative abilities just as monetary administration. While managing the activity, it is essential for the association to maintain a strategic distance from pointless interest in the activity. Be that as it may, interest in crude materials to actualize wellbeing estimates approaches may require appropriate spending plans to execute the proposed capacities. The association gives successful exploration materials. Likewise, the Asset Institute needs to make a speculation for compelling introduction just as the need to deal with the accessibility of instructive materials. As referenced via Cardoso et al. (2012), the non-benefit associations are not compelled to procure benefits. Rather, the associations work for the improvement of society. Proposition and Literature Review Summary It is distinguished that in the advanced history, the associations need to actualize the specialized ways to deal with improve the efficiency of the organization. As talked about by Roundy, Bradshaw Brockman (2016), in the benefit the board enterprises, where the capacities are executed with pre-alert and the specialized help ends up being successful for building up the exhibition of the organization. There have been two distinct speculations that are to be specific complex Adoptive System Theory just as Institutional hypothesis that give specialized reinforcement. Complex Adoptive System Theory-It is apparent that advantage the board is generally emanant in nature; therefore, it might be hard to build up the specific meaning of the model to build up the innovative needs. Furthermore, the data related with the operational functionalities can likewise be dynamic in nature. In the investigation of Shefrin (2015), Complex versatile framework hypothesis can likewise be considered as the multi-specialist hypothesis that assists with understanding the essential point of view to actualize an exhibition assessment framework in the association that manages resource organization exercises. This specific theory is directed when the request is taken by the association becomes in self-roused in nature. The execution of the hypothesis likewise assists with managing the specialists and evaluate the structure exercises by actualizing the framework. One of the significant favorable circumstances of this specific model is that the association Asset Institute could deal with the soundness between the dynamic requests, for example, administrative control just as the Data Acquisition. Likewise, SCADA could screen the correspondence channels with the commitment of partners. Consequently, the activity can be directed viably. Besides, it very well may be included that Asset Institute can needs the exercises to help the clients for comprehending the issues. Additionally, it likewise helps in keeping up the gear the executives. Establishment Theory-The association conduct could rely upon socio-political and affordable points of view. It might contain certain Influential speculations identified with foundation ventures As set forward by Chantarat et al. (2013), associations in this specific industry manage a solid system just as association with Cooperative Research Center for foundation and Engineering Asset for recent years. Furthermore, it is likewise distinguished that associations that have a relationship with CIEAM think that its simple to comprehend the issues concerning the advantage the board just as manageability. As expressed by Dehghanian et al. (2013), an association could regularly play out numerous sorts of benefit the executives exercises that are interlinked with in various consistent manners. This could bring about the distinctive procedure. These procedures are generally named as Asset Management. Besides, it very well may be included that wasteful Asset Management could cause noteworthy c osts for the association. In actuality, it has additionally been recognized that warning administrations joined with the consumption in framework just as a structure to discover new methodologies. Hence, Asset Institute could fulfill its clients. The associations and the arranging subject could give them the quality by inferring just as overseeing high esteemed resources in profoundly serious condition. Moreover, the simple procedure of raising support is considered as the power of concerned associations since it is a non-benefit association. The non-benefit associations for the most part get help with the type of practical resources from the administration bodies. In this unique circumstance, Gheisari Irizarry (2016) included that supportability, just as versatility subject, is viewed as advantageous for the association to improve adaptability from the crisis activities or regular disaster. Be that as it may, there have been a few issues related with tasks done by the associations who manage resource the board exercises. As referenced by Heng et al. (2016), the advantage the board firms additionally have issues concerning the Research improvement angles. It has been distinguished that a portion of the new understudies who wish to direct research; they could need legitimate information and aptitudes. Necessities for actualizing Asset Management Process - One of the significant hindrances generally found in utilizing the procedure demonstrating innovation in Asset Management is the powerful administration of time just as cost and human asset. There is a fundamental measure for resource the executives displaying strategies, which shows that it is important to permit the modelers to improve the procedure to limit the expense. In this specific circumstance, Jalbert et al. (2012) included that a powerful Asset Management procedure should empower the essential data just as information that are viewed as picked up. Potters 4P investigation Item: As referenced by Stark (2015), the desire for the clients could change after some time; accordingly, Asset Institute needs to assume the liability to present and execute changes in the activity to manage current patterns. It is seen that the association needs to focus on the dynamic idea of the atmosphere and the issues of worldwide notice. Furthermore, the association additionally needs to present the scope of items that could run on the regular assets, for example, sunlight based force and other. In this specific circumstance, Vayanos Woolley (2013) included that the association Asset Institute ordinarily directs explores on sun oriented parks, housetops just as windmills. Moreover, it very well may be included that the total procedure assists with managing the oversight of life cycle that may additionally include arranging, structure of the plan and items, and the trading of suggested materials. Resource Institute adds to convey infrastructural resources including offices of water treatment, streets materials, utility lattices and different materials to the development associations. Cost: As Asset Institute is one of the non-benefit associations and it very well may be included that the valuing of their advantages is sensible. The common colleague and the administration bodies could manage the cost of them for feasible outcomes. The concerned organization should deal with the way that administration assumes the liability for their exercises. Thus, the estimating structure of infrastructural resources ought to must be lower than the evaluating systems set by the rivals in the business. Nonetheless, at the hour of setting the evaluating structure, the association ensures that it deals with the nature of benefits. In this specific circumstance, Jones et al. (2015) included that once the nature of the items is low, it could hamper the activity of the association. Advancement: The association will in general give a normal workshop to the Ph.D. understudies to survey the business esteem from the Asset information (Cardoso et al. 2012). It has been distinguished that all these workshop exercises may help the benefit the executives associations to embrace their key thought process to accomplish brand personality and increment client steadfastness. The advantage the executives may likewise manage the occasions as World Congress on Engineering Asset Management, which depends on the quality, hazard, dependability and safe building by including the high-talented analysts, researcher. Likewise, it is essential for non-benefit associations to concentrate on the key objectives, for example, checking the estimating techniques and giving the nature of items and administrations. Spot: As expressed by Dehghanian et al. (2013), the components associated with the advertising blend system may not generally depend on the geological position. The capacity of the circulation point is likewise remembered for the components of promoting blend. By and by, the components of advertising blend could mirror the capacity of the organizations to carry the items to the end clients. It has been recognized that Asset Institute has its own physical area in Queensland, where the legislature needs to make enormous speculation about the framework the executives. The associations make speculation of $35 billion, which is worth of arranged framework. This may incorporate $495 million as new subsidizing. Also, it very well may be referenced that the innovation assume a significant job in building up the foundation of the nation. The execution of innovation could likewise assist with building up the financial scale. Situational Analysis Inward Environment As indicated by Szeg, (2014), the interior condition investigation includes the quality and shortcoming examination of the infrastructural and building resource the board. The inner condition manages industry

Did German Ambitions for World Power Make War Inevitable in 1914 free essay sample

Ramifications of actualizing BIS in Abu Dhabi police division ..(ERP) undertaking asset arranging - Essay Example These subsystems and the data they contain include: Customary monetary execution measurements give data about the past exhibition of an association however are not especially appropriate for foreseeing future execution. By considering factors other than monetary ones, the administration of an organization can change over the company’s system into for all intents and purposes attainable objectives and evaluate how well the vital arrangement is being done. An association needs to devise methodologies and do cautious arranging before actualizing ERP procedures. ERP assists with diminishing expenses and upgrade the quality (proficiency) of working time. ERP procedures help amplify the estimation of mechanical progressions and adjust their use to the objectives of the association. For instance, ERP empowers an administrator in the Sales Department to answer a client question promptly by observing the ongoing status of the customer’s item conveyance, which would not have been conceivable something else. ERP procedures have encouraged organizations’ capacity to get rid of monotonous and tedious procedures (Ptak and Schrgenheim,2003).Enterprise programming is worked around countless predefined strategic policies dependent on best practices. Best practices are the best arrangements or techniques for taking care of issues an association utilizes for routinely and viably accomplishing business objectives. Venture frameworks help i ncrement effectiveness and assist troughs with settling on better choices by giving them refreshed data from all through the firm. It likewise helps structure a more ‘customer-driven’ association by encouraging quicker reactions to client inquiries and solicitations for data. An assortment of elements, for example, globalization, quick development, deregulation and mechanical advances, expanding rivalry and dynamic changes in the market, have constrained numerous associations to reevaluate how they can increase serious

The Resurrection in the New Testament

Presentation One of the principle contrasts between individuals and creatures is the capacity of individuals to have a feeling of confidence in the presence of a very normal being that controls all the exercises and occasions known to mankind. Individuals have built up an entangled faith in the presence and work of these too common powers that has prompted the foundation of various religions in the world.Advertising We will compose a custom research project test on The Resurrection in the New Testament explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some of these religions incorporate Christianity which is polished worldwide in different structures. Christianity is gotten from the word Christ which alludes to Jesus Christ and is consequently used to mean conduct that is like that of Jesus Christ that is imitated by the individuals who follow the Bible’s lessons. This research paper is planned for sketching out the foundation and understanding of the restoration in the N ew Testament as is clear in Christian’s lives. Meaning of Resurrection alludes to the procedure where a dead body returns to life. It is a special and stunning event that clinical researchers and contemporary rationalists have neglected to comprehend or clarify. This is because of the way that demise denotes the finish of human life and thusly breaks the relationship between an individual and the remainder of the network. Demise is a wonder that has no experimental formulae of considering or investigating and it is just through strict instincts that people attempt to unwind the secrets behind the event and result of death and the life after. Foundation of the Resurrection The historical backdrop of the revival is gone back to the start and life of Jesus Christ and is set apart by a grouping of different occasions that indicated on the happening to Jesus Christ. Since life started on earth individuals had consistently been conceived and lived for a lot of years before their de mise happened (Keener 201). There were no abnormal events of passings as the vast majority of them included the elderly folks individuals who had arrived at their future breaking point and in reality gone past their time on earth. In any case, with time things and occasions changed and prophets traveled every which way until the happening to Jesus Christ that was anticipated by numerous prophets including Elijah and John the Baptist.Advertising Looking for research project on religion religious philosophy? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Even however the instances of restoration were obscure before the happening to Jesus Christ not many of them were really recorded like the dry bones in the ‘Valley of Death’ that were prophesized by Prophet Elijah and they got muscles and turned out to be live individuals. With the happening to Jesus Christ that is intensely recorded in the New Testament a lot of instances of rest oration were experienced and they were peaked by the demise and revival of Jesus Christ. Jesus performed numerous wonders with respect to the revival of the dead and a portion of those individuals incorporate Lazarus who had passed on, was covered and his body had remained on the tomb for a few days until he had started to break down and smell dreadfully. These occasions of revivals showed numerous Christian adherents numerous exercises and this prompted the numerous understandings of restoration that are examined in the accompanying stages. Penance for Human Beings The revival of Jesus Christ is deciphered by all Christians just like an incredible demonstration of penance for the redemption and pardoning of sins submitted by people through the different ages. At the point when God made Adam and Eve and set them in the Garden of Eden, He anticipated that them should be exceptionally faithful to him and follow every one of His words to the last mentioned. The most noticeably terrible sin that Adam and Eve submitted while in the Garden of Eden was resisting God’s order of not contacting or eating the organic products from the tree in the nursery. Their rebellion was activated by the snake that tricked them of the estimation of the products of the soil prompted their banning from the Garden of Eden denoting the start of wrongdoing and enduring in the ages that followed.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on The Resurrection in the New Testament explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, because of the adoration that God had for his kin He was not satisfied to see them endure and keep erring and along these lines, he sent his child Jesus Christ to come and bite the dust for individuals (Licona 2010). This demonstration shows a great deal of penance by God and Jesus Christ who persevered through extremely excruciating encounters which prompted his passing. Christians decipher the torment, execution, passing and resto ration of Jesus Christ as an incredible penance for the wellbeing of they and keep on commending this through Easter occasions in their schedules. It is difficult for somebody to set out his life and languish over the purpose of another person, yet Jesus Christ demonstrated his affection for people by giving up his life for them. Verification of Power over Death Every person is constantly gone up against by a hard truth that one day they will bite the dust and leave this world paying little heed to their riches or acclaim. A lot of individuals spend incalculable evenings pondering their future and the unavoidable event of death that has made them feel that demise is so incredible and solid that nobody can defeat it. Notwithstanding, with the passing and revival of Jesus that is generally recorded in the New Testament individuals are made to accept that demise isn't incomparable over Christians. They accept that Jesus vanquished demise through reviving others like Lazarus and through his restoration (Beale 2011). They decipher every one of these revivals as signs of the Christian control over death and that they ought to never be stressed over biting the dust since it is only a transitional stage that they need to go through so as to achieve the higher magnificence of the Kingdom of Heaven. Confirmation of Life after Death Many individuals have constantly referred to death as a sign of the finish of life and in this manner when one bites the dust it turns into the finish of the person’s story of presence, achievements and disappointments throughout everyday life. At the point when an individual passes on the family, family members and companions are normally loaded up with distress and grieve for quite a long time because of the loss of their adored ones.Advertising Searching for research project on religion religious philosophy? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More In any case, Christians accept that demise denotes the start of a more joyful and everlasting life thus individuals ought to never be concerned and grieve at whatever point it happens to their friends and family yet rather be glad and ask difficult for them to go to paradise when their opportunity arrives. Christians accept that the restoration of the dead denotes the start of such life that will be praised for a mind-blowing duration in paradise (Ivy 2010). The restoration of Jesus demonstrated to the a great many devotees that passing isn't the last phase of their living however only a transitional stage to Heaven. Along these lines, Christians decipher his revival as a reasonable sign that when the individuals who have confidence in him pass on, they will restore and go along with him sometime down the road. This gives them more would like to keep accepting and loving him as they hang tight for their demise that will associate them with their Heavenly Father and Jesus Christ. Esta blishment of Hope and Christian Faith People for the most part have a lot of inquiries with respect to what will happen when and after their life on earth closes. This has driven individuals to different convictions and practices that target giving them the confirmation of good eternal life. Christians accept that the torment, passing and revival of Jesus were because of their wrongdoings thus they certify their confidence to having eternal life through the restoration of Jesus. It is upon these grounds that individuals get spared and pronounce Jesus as their friend in need since he passed on for their wrongdoings. This keeps on drawing in a great many individuals to the Christian confidence as the restoration of the dead gives comfort and guarantee of post-existence to them. This likewise empowers them to keep perusing the book of scriptures, go to places of worship and Christian campaigns to find out about the Kingdom of God that anticipates them in the afterlife. Challenge to Chr istian Declarations The torment, passing, revival and rising of Jesus fill in as an incredible test to the Christian confidence as to their assertions and confirmations of their confidence in God. It goes about as a manual for the conduct and lead of all Christians as to their confidence and convictions (Carson 2012). Christians generally have individual revelations, commitments and duties to God and are constantly obliged to follow and hold fast to them all the times of their lives. Furthermore, the Ten Commandments that were offered to Moses on Mount Sinai go about as a vey significant apparatus for each Christian to follow and regard. This together with the restoration of Jesus helps numerous Christians and during the time spent evaluating their confidence and remain in Christianity. Friendship All individuals are social animals ordinarily and require each other for friendship and socialization. It ought to be noticed that individuals need each other to offer passionate help to o ne another as to the encounters that people experience in the every day relationship with their companions and condition. The revival of Jesus Christ and his rising is deciphered by Christians as an association among him and them in spite of the fact that in the profound domain. Christians accept that Jesus is continually and consistently with them for the duration of their lives as they also anticipate their passing (Carson 2012). It ought to be noticed that Christian confidence is generally written on the way that Jesus Christ endured, kicked the bucket, was covered and restored to be with them for interminable life and the individuals who trust and comply with the Christian standards will be remunerated by endless life. Christians

Human Resource Management and Recruitment related issues - Free Essay Example

Introduction There are two topics on which we will are going to discuss, i.e. Human Resource Management and Recruitment related issues. Firstly, we will be talking about human resource management which comprises mainly of four functions, namely, acquisition, development, motivation and retention which have different role in management of human resources. Another issue is recruitment, selection and induction which we will be explaining on the basis of taking an example of Dubai Hospital. If we talk about Human Resource Management then it is an approach to focus on the people who are the main assets of an organization who individually contribute to the success of the business. It simply means that employing people, the capabilities of an individual is developed out there and utilizing their services in tune with the job. Recruitment means simply providing some employment to the people working in an institution and is capable to perform any type work. Human Resource Management- First of all, the greatest assets which an organization could find is in the form of human which is the basic need of an organization through which many works gets completed such as dealing with the customers, performing business transactions, managing cash flow and doing all form of communication all across India and the HR management is totally responsible in which manner people are treated in the company. In all type of organizations its not necessary that HR department is formed like in small firms so there is line manager which operates the function of HR manager. (Human Resource Management) Human Resource Planning- Now, we will be discussing about Human Resource Planning. The term generally used to ensure that the staff working in the company is the right staff to perform the same work. There is a need of planning for human resource available in the organization to uplift the performance of the company and employers as well but the main issue is the economic development of the company. There are various factors which can be included in the HR planning which are, determining number of employers to be employed at a new location in which there is specific number of employers which are to be given appointment at some location which should be carefully and strategically applied if not then it can result in overstretching of the staff and making it hard for the managers to meet the production. There should be proper retaining of your highly skilled staff and monitor on the extent of resignation which are being given by the key staff and discover the reasons for it and find out what the organization is costing for this and how it can be improved. There is an issue which all managers are facing that is cutting of staff without affecting the outcome and at the same time saving the long-term interest of organization. This problem can be solved by proper HR planning by fixing some appropriate recruitment level and the utility in performing some actions like retraining, redeployment and transfers. The implementation is the most important aspect of the HR planning but most of the organizations want that their HRP system should be responsive to the change and where assumptions are easily handled, plans which are simple to understand and not too demanding. The plans should be framed like that it allows flexibility in supply recognize organizational fluidity. To operate the above defined system the needs of organization should be that demands of the models should be appropriate, an understanding should be created to understand how resourcing works in the organization and above all ther e is a need of an next generation manager which can understand the needs of the market and could perform well in adverse situation and which has the capability to hold mass of employees under it in healthy environment which is appropriate for them to nourish and work better. (P, 1996) Human Resources Planning Related to Dubai Hospital- The Dubai hospital present in Dubai has a well planned usage of human resources because mostly public living there is very conscious towards their health. In health care sector the most important resources are human beings but you would be thinking about the machines and gadgets but let me specify that they are just an integral part of health care unit. The patient is the main focus of all the medical personnel while doctors, nurses and clinical assistants are just to provide OPD and ward care, administration, security and many more are just to support the former for providing safe health care. There are three ways in which Dubai Hospital is planning to improve the current usage of human resources which are work system, employee overall development and employee satisfaction. First of all if we talk about work system then there is getting full co-operation and collaboration of employees which are related through the organization which would yield favorable results in the sector of p atient satisfaction. There can be improvement by encouraging and motivating the innovative ideas through quality circle which is done to the administrative sector and ward sector of the hospital. There should be time to time boosting up of the entire department related to the health care unit of the hospital which is being done by human resource managers in Dubai hospital. They are encouraging multi skilling which has been implemented amongst hospital attendants who attend different areas with different job specifications inside hospital. There is a regular continuing medical education (CME) for various personalities attached with the hospitals which are doctors, nurses and technologists. There is weakness among all the fields which is coming in notice is that there is lack of communication with patients which was confronted in various surveys. There is recruitment being done through interview in which both aptitude and attitude information are being noticed and on the basis of thes e behavior, the deserving candidates are hired by the hospital and the new employee is firstly made familiar to the working of the manner in which the staff of hospital work through the process of induction and finally the recruiter is posted to his/her perfect place. Now if we talk about employee overall development then we must encourage it and should be continuous process. A proper training should be provided to the employee in terms of technical, managerial and behavioral field but the most important thing their training should be linked with the development of patients and as we have discussed earlier also that there should be proper and familiar communication with the patients which is more important than anything. But only training program would not work there should be development of such parameters. The parameters which should be monitored is directly related to the well being of patient that should be the ultimate aim and goal of every staff related to the hospital which w e can observe in Dubai hospital. At last we have to consider Employee satisfaction which is the primary goal of the Dubai hospital. If we talk about employee satisfaction, it is an area which is very carefully tackled by the HR manager in which they know that human tendency is that they are not satisfied with what they have achieved. Therefore, regular feedback should be taken from the employees through formal and informal assessment method which would make employees feel at least management is serious. There should be proper climate of work which should be formed in which every employees needs to be introduced to the certain awareness programs for him/her to feel proud and being cared by the organization. There should be various programs which are being made by the hospital which includes AIDS awareness program, injury on duty (IOD) facility and no loss no profit canteen facility has been given by the hospital to improve the work climate. Therefore these are the few human resource planning measure which is taken by the Dubai hospital which has excellent performance being given by the human resource manager due to which there is growth in facilities being provided by the hospital. (Ray) Recruitment, Selection and Induction- There should be first basic defining of all the terms mentioned above. Recruitment generally means the process of selecting and screening of qualifies people for a job at company or organization. There are different companies or organization which have different methods of selecting the applicants, the organization which vary in size that is according to their economy often retain professional recruiters or provide outsourcing to the recruiting agencies. Selection is the process after the recruitment of desirable applicants they have to select the proper candidate who would be best suitable for the post. Induction is the process to introduce new employee to the company and introducing them to their new role. It is the primary process for bringing staff into organization. The process provides working environment and set-up of the employee within the organization. Now discussing each topic in detail we would be taking Recruitment and selection simultaneously, An analysis of job shoul d be done in order to find out the right person for the post so that the selectors should know that which type of mental and physical characteristics should a person be comprised of so that they fit into the post and what type of attitude and qualities should be desired so that they would be fruitful for the company or organization. Effectively if we analyze then we could use selection as buying an employee and a bad guy would cost them so they uses some firm and use some external expert consultants for selection and recruitment. Some small organizations exist to Head-Hunt which means to attract staff towards them with high reputation from employers which already exist to the recruiting employers and the recruiters should be trained enough which can judge the suitability of applicants. There are main sources of recruitment which are internal promotions and introduction which is must at times desirable for morale purposes, career officers or career masters at school level, university appointment board, advertising or the use of local media. The desirable thing which is observed in many jobs that claim about statements about classification and experience which are thoroughly checked and analyzed by the organization at the time of recruiting the applicant. Any doubts related to the medical fitness and capacity should taken into consideration and should be resolved by appearing in medical examination conducted by the company which makes sure that the employee should not be suffering from severe disease which could be transferred to other employee. The main part of recruitment is interview in which interviewing could be performed by an individual or panel of interviewers or it can be done in the form of sequential interviews. Now if we talk about induction, it is an important process in which staff is brought into organization. They try to provide an introduction to the set-up of the employee and provide a working environment to the employers which could internally boost up the employee and affects the growth of the company. This whole program covers employee rights and terms and conditions of employment. The induction programme is part of an organizations various process namely knowledge management process and many more and which is intended to give platform to the starter to grow up and become useful and to become integrated member of the company. If we talk about recruitments, selection and induction in Dubai hospital then there is specific procedure followed by the recruitment of the new comers or starters in which they have to undergo many level of interviewing and many medical check ups so that if there is any disease present in the body of the employee which is transferable should be cured immediately to avoid the risk. The recruiter could be any higher officials present in the various departments of the hospitals or other higher officials which are running their own clinic, they could select their interviewee apart from their own doct ors or officials instead they can hire some other third person which should be so capable to judge a person and could find out the qualities and deficiency in an individual for selecting right person for the job. The selection criteria are fixed by the hospital in which personal skills of an individual is also being observed. Selection is also being referred to as buying of an employee because they are being distributed wages or salary for the work they are performing. Conclusion- As in above all the headings we have talked about two topics which are Human Resource Planning and Recruitment, selection and induction with respect to the Dubai hospital. Firstly human resources planning were discussed in which there was planning which should be applied in the hospitals or generally in the organization or company to uplift the performance of an individual or of company. We have talked about various method applied by the human resource manager to enhance the position of the company and to create a healthy environment in the company which is suitable for the employee to work in and now when it is turn of recruitment then there are various methods or ways in which recruitment is done and we have discussed about the application or process applied by the hospital to recruit right applicant. We can say that a satisfied human being is valuable resource which does not have any alternative. The needs of human beings are dynamic and to fulfill all those needs health organiz ations has to think dynamically after that only our valuable customer which are patients can get their need fulfilled. The responsibility and initiative of an employer could bring growth and development in latters life. Timely rewards and appraisal should be given to motivate the employee who can increase their efficiency to do work and could result in growth of company organization.

The Glass Menagerie a Memory Play - 1905 Words

The Glass Menagerie: Memory Play The Glass Menagerie is Tennessee Williams most autobiographical work. However, it is not a true autobiographical work in the sense that there is chronological order and true documented facts to his life. Instead the play is more along the line of an â€Å"emotional† autobiographical piece. At times individuals exhibit selective memory, this is a period whereby we choose to remember certain things the way we would like them to be rather than the way things actually happened. The Glass Menagerie is similar to the author’s life and his biographers often rely on it as a thematic source. The play centers around three family members – Laura, Tom and their mother Amanda. Missing from the family group is the†¦show more content†¦I was valuable to him as someone who could remember his former glory† (Williams 50). But Jim has become ambitious and has definite plans for the future. Jim’s future plans also include a fiancà © which no one, in cluding Tom is made aware of until he is almost ready to leave after his supper visit. This becomes yet another fault of Tom’s for not having informed Amanda that Jim was about to be married. Even though Tom did not know that Jim was already betrothed. We also learn that Laura had had a crush on Jim in high school and that Jim had even given her the name â€Å"Blue Roses†. This just escalates the tensions within the family unit and heightens the frustrations between Tom and Amanda. Earlier in the play during one of the angry confrontations between Tom and Amanda, Amanda yells at Tom, â€Å"Go, then! Go to the moon – you selfish dreamer!† (Williams 96). Near the end of the play their angers yet again converge and Tom leaves and informs us that, â€Å"I didn’t go to the moon, I went much further – for time is the longest distance between two places†¦ I left St. Louis, I descended the steps of the fire escape for a last time and f ollowed, from then on, in my father’s footsteps†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Williams 97). The play then ends with the enormous weight of guilt left upon Tom. There are numerous key themes in The Glass Menagerie. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams985 Words   |  4 Pages  ¨Life is all memory, except for the one present moment that goes by you so quickly you hardly catch it going. ¨ This quote by the author of The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams, describes both The Glass Menagerie, a memory play, and the life of Tennessee Williams himself, for whom memories played a large role in his life. Within the play, many parallels can be drawn between the life of Williams and the life of Tom, the main character, such as a disdain for factory work. In addition, several charactersRead MoreAnalysis Of The Play The Glass Menagerie 1281 Words   |  6 PagesDevin Simpson Professor Carusp The Glas Menagerie 4/29/15 Within the play The Glass Menagerie, Amanda, Laura, and Tom Wingfield all of have their own dreams that are continuously destroyed by the harshness of reality. Amanda, stuck in the ease of her youth, tries to relive her life through her daughter Laura. Being crippled both physically and mentally, Laura struggles to escape the bubble she has created around herself that her mother Amanda so strongly tries to force her out of. Tom whom, althoughRead MoreThe Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams, is a play narrated by Tom Wingfield, one of the three main characters in the play. The story is based on Tom’s memories of his past life while living with his mother Amanda and sister, Laura, during 1937 in St. Louis. These memories are skewed because of his inability to escape from his feelings of entrapment and the abandonment from his sister. The title suggest that the characters are a hodgepodge of fragile, sensit ive, opposite people striving toRead More Tennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesTennessee Williams The Glass Menagerie If The Glass Menagerie were performed without the effects Williams wrote into the script, then the play would barely have a plot. Williams use of music, lighting and a television screen add depth and meaning to the play. He uses effects to portray the feelings of the characters, rather than their words or actions. In Toms opening speech he states thatThe play is memory. Because it is about his memories of his mother and her memories. They both spend Read MoreSymbolism In The Glass Menagerie By Tennessee Williams822 Words   |  4 Pages A play based on the power of memory, The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams is a story told from Tom Wingfield’s point of view and depicts Laura’s imaginary world, a place where she can retreat and escape the reality of the present, and live in a â€Å"perfect† world. Laura’s memories from the past shape her personality, such as the name, â€Å"Blue Roses,† which illustrates her fragile nature, much like the fragility of the glass menagerie. In order to symbolize Laura Wingfield’s fragile behavior dueRead MoreEssay about Card Report- The Glass Menagerie1270 Words   |  6 PagesCard Report: â€Å"The Glass Menagerie† Conflict The major conflict in â€Å"The Glass Menagerie† is the feeling of hopelessness that each of the Wingfield’s struggles with. Amanda’s hopelessness comes from the feeling that she isn’t as important as she once was, as though her fame/glory is slowly fading away. It is this fear that causes her to push Laura to become more socially accepted and popular with others. Laura is extremely afraid of seeing Jim O’Connor, and beneath that we can see her insecuritiesRead More Essay on Tom in The Glass Menagerie580 Words   |  3 PagesThe Character of Tom in The Glass Menagerie    Tom Wingfield has a dual role in The Glass Menagerie. The first Tom is the narrator, who introduces his second self, the character. In his fifth soliloquy, Tom the narrator indicates that time has detached him from the drama, for time is the longest distance between two places (Williams 1568). In the closing soliloquy Tom recounts how he lives and re-lives the story in his memory, though he is detached from the participants in the original affairRead More Essay on the Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Symbolism of the Menagerie in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚   Tennessee Williams play, The Glass Menagerie, describes three separate characters, their dreams, and the harsh realities they face in a modern world.   The Glass Menagerie exposes the lost dreams of a southern family and their desperate struggle to escape reality. Williams use of symbols adds depth to the play. The glass menagerie itself is a symbol Williams uses to represent the broken lives of Amanda, Laura and Tom Wingfield andRead MoreFragile as Glass in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams1148 Words   |  5 Pages In Tennessee Williams‘ play The Glass Menagerie, the audience believes that the menagerie simply refers to a glass collection owned by Laura Wingfield. Laura lives with her brother Tom and her mother Amanda. Due to her mother‘s desire for her to marry, Jim‘s introduction to the play is one as a gentleman caller. When Laura describes her glass animals to Jim, she uses her mother‘s term ―glass menagerieâ€â€" (Williams 414) for them. All of the figures are glass, but the animals in it varyRead MoreLiterary Analysis of The Glass Menagerie by Tenessee Williams1462 Words   |  6 PagesThe Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams had ordinary people in an ordinary life that closely resembled the influences of Williams’ personal life while having reoccurring themes and motifs throughout the story. The play has been done by many with some variations in the scripts and setting while still clinging to the basic ideas of the original play. Amanda Wingfield was a complex character that encompassed many facets of her personality. She longed to have the life she had as a girl and young

Antigone (833 words) Essay Example For Students

Antigone (833 words) Essay AntigoneAnd KreonIn Antigone, both Antigone and Kreon could be considered the tragic heroof the play. A tragic hero, defined by A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic andCinematic Terms, is someone who suffers due to a tragic flaw, or hamartia. ThisGreek word is variously translated as tragic flaw or error orweakness. Kreons hamartia, like in many plays, is hybris ? Greek foroverweening pride, arrogance, or excessive confidence. Kreons hybris causeshim to attempt to violate the laws of order or human rights, another main partof a tragic hero. Also, like all tragic heroes, Kreon suffers because of hishamartia and then realizes his flaw. The belief that Antigone is the hero is astrong one, but there is a stronger belief that Kreon, the Ruler of Thebes, isthe true protagonist. Kreons main and foremost hamartia was his hybris, orhis extreme pride. Kreon was a new king, and he would never let anyone prove himwrong or let anyone change his mind once it was made. One main event that showedKreon s hamartia and also caused the catastrophe was when he asked his sonHaimon, who was engaged to marry Antigone, if he still loves his father. Haimonsays he respects Kreons ruling, but he feels, in this case, that Kreon waswrong. Haimon asks his father to take his advice and not have Antigone executed,but, because of Kreons hybris, Kreon gets furious and makes the situationworse then it already was. He was way too proud to take advice from someoneyounger, and in his anger he decided to kill Antigone right away in front ofHaimons eyes. Just understand: You dont insult me and go offlaughing. Bring her here! Let him see her. Kill her here, beside herbridegroom' (Sophocles 919-921). This was too much for Haimon to take, andhe runs out of the room, yelling, her death will destroy others' (Sophocles908). Blinded by his pride and arrogance, Kreon takes that remark as a threat tohimself, unknowing that it wasnt directed to himself, but was a suicidethreat by his own son. Another example of Kr eons tragic pride is when theprophet, Teiresias, travels all the way to Thebes to tell Kreon very importantnews, but Kreon pride makes him ignore it and he accuses Teiresias of beingbribed. Teiresias tells Kreon that the gods are angered by Kreons disregardfor their laws, and that Kreon should release Antigone and bury Polyneices. After Teiresias tells Kreon that he, the King of Thebes, has made a wrongdecision, Kreons tragic pride is shown again. Teiresias: ?Doesnt anyoneknow, wont anyone consider.. Kreon: ?Consider what? What universaltruths are you going to proclaim? Teiresias: ?how much more valuablethan money good advice is? Kreon: ?Or how much worse losing your judgementis? (Sophocles 1210-1214) Teiresias, a blind prophet from Delphi whom hasnever been proven wrong, tells Kreon, All mankind is subject to error. Once a mistake is made it is wise of him to make amends and not be unbending. Stubbornness is stupidity' (Sophocles 1180-1184), but Kreon remainsstubborn. Teiresias: ?And tyrants love to have their own way regardless ofright and wrong. Kreon: ?Do you know who youre talking to? Were yourrulers' (Sophocles 1225-1228). Like all tragic heroes, Kreon must sufferbecause of his hamartia. After his anagnorisis, Greek for recognition, herealizes that he was filled with too much pride and that the prophetsprediction must be true. Kreon attempts to set things right, but unfortunately,does not in time. In a very ironic peripereia, Greek for reversal, his soncommits suicide, as does his wife. This is all because of Kreons tragic flaw:Pride. Kreon realizes this, and suffers, like all tragic heroes. Suffering isone of the main parts a tragic hero: realizing his or her tragic flaw whenits too late and suffering because of it. Kreons realization of his flawis very obviously shown when he says I was wrong, not you' (Sophocles1464), and I have learned, I am ruined. It was a god. Then, right then!Hit me, held me, heaped heavy on my head' (Sophocles 1468-1469). Hissuffering is also obviously shown. Has someone a sword? I and grief areblended. I am grief' (Sophocles 1502), Hurry, take me out of the way,Im nobody. Im nothing' (Sophocles 1510-1511). Kreon is tragic herobecause his actions follow the typical tragic hero outline. He had ahamartia, a tragic flaw, which was his pride and stubbornness, or hybris. Herealized his hamartia, but unfortunately just too late, and suffered because ofit. Now, Suffering is his teacher. He has learned the hard way, but likeall tragic heroes, he has learned. Kreons character followed the basicoutline of a tragic hero. Critics to this day still argue about who is thetragic hero of Antigone, Antigone herself, or Kreon. From what I have found,Kreon seems like the perfect Tragic Hero because he fits all therequirements of a tragic hero. Antigone, on the other hand, does not. She doesnot realize her hamartia, and while Kreon must l ive with what he has done,Antigone is dead. Death, which ceases her suffering, letting her rest forinfinity.

The Wild Colonial Boy free essay sample

The wild colonial boy{Poetry Analysis) The wild colonial boy The ballad, â€Å"Wild Colonial Boy† by unknown has the context of an Australian traditional bush ballad. In this ballad there are many language techniques such as similes, metaphors, personification, repetition, rhythm and rhyme. The narrative of this ballad is that there once was a boy named Jack Doolan who robbed the rich and fed the poor. In the end he is fatally wounded by one of the troopers (police).This also leaves the question in the end that was he the good guy or the bad guy? The main setting is the Australian bush (outback) because the chorus keeps on repeating after each stanza: â€Å"Then, come all my hearties, we’ll range the mountain sides, Together we will plunger, together we will ride, We’ll scour along valleys and gallop o’er plains, we scorn to live in slavery bowed down in iron chains. We will write a custom essay sample on The Wild Colonial Boy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The consistent rhythm in this ballad is AABB. The way that the rhyming techniques are set out keeps the consistent rhythm/beat in the poem.For example in the first stanza he uses â€Å"name-Castlemaine†, â€Å"joy-boy†, the first line rhymes with second line and the third line rhymes with the last line in each stanza. Also the language used in this ballad is old English (about the middle of the 19th century). The main themes in this ballad are â€Å"the law vs. individuals† and â€Å"personal freedom†. The other themes can also be â€Å"good verses bad† because in my understanding the wild colonial boy can be the good guy and the troopers the bad or it can be the other way round.There is direct quote in only one of the stanzas which is in the second last stanza. â€Å"Surrender now, Jack Doolan, you see there’s three to one. Surrender now, Jack Doolan, you daring highwayman. † He drew a pistol from his belt, and shook the little toy. â€Å"I’ll fight, but not surrender,† said the wild Colonial boy. This dialogue tells a conversation leading to how he was defeated in the end and it tells both sides even though there isn’t much that they are saying. There is also imagery used in this ballad.The second stanza describes the outback, and the last stanza, line 3 describes perfectly how his jaw was broken. The poet uses the term â€Å"shattered†. The reason why I chose this ballad to be in my portfolio because it describes the Australian outback in those days and how hard life was for people. Some of them had to steal food and/or money, such as the wild Colonial boy. It also uses words that we don’t use words know a days such as â€Å"troopers† which we call cops/police officers. So it is good learning the vocabulary of the past and comparing it today.

william blake Essay

william blake Essay william blake Essay William Blake’s perspective using spiritual views in his poetry Society’s emphasis on religion has created many different views for people to think about. Some would agree that spirituality goes hand in hand with religion while others would disagree, arguing that the two are separate. William Blake was an unknown engraver who used his poetry to reflect his spiritual views on God and nature. William Blake is one of my favored poets because of his strong spirituality towards God, his perspective on life during innocence and then life after experience, and his use of nature throughout his creative work. In his Songs of Innocence and Experience, William Blake argues that there are â€Å"two contrary states of the human soul† and uses his view on God and nature to create his work but does not contrast between good and evil. William Blake said â€Å"there are two contrary states of the human soul†. What he meant was that there is a stage when one is young and innocent; and then comes a stage where one matures and goes through a va riety of experiences. It may cause disappointment and sadness however it will bring different outlooks on life. Blake uses few poems to contrast between innocence and experience, such as â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† in the Song of Innocence. The poem reflects on a young Tom Dacre who was sold by his father and got his head shaved but is comforted by an Angel while asleep. â€Å"There’s little Tom Dacre, who cried when his head That curl’d like a lamb’s back, was shav’d†. While Tom was asleep, he had a dream that other sweepers were locked in coffins of black but by came an Angel who unlocked the coffins free. â€Å"And by came an Angel who had a bright key, And he open’d the coffins â€Å"They clothed me in the clothes of death,† It seems as if the children are being hurt by the parents, the chimney owners, and the churches. The last stanza displays a more negative view â€Å"And because I am happy,

Post-Compulsory Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Post-Compulsory Education - Essay Example It was the emphasis upon further education providing a preparation for jobs which underpinned the new vocationalism of the 1980s. However, in more recent years, the provision of a 'vocational education' has come to be recognised as a more complex matter than that of simply training students in job-specific skills. While it is true to say that General, Liberal and Social Studies appendages to post -war vocational courses were an attempt to provide students with a wider educational base to their studies, it was the BTEC curriculum introduced from the early 1980s which took the first significant steps towards a preparation for work within a broader concept of vocational education. The development of TVEI as an enhancement curriculum, of generic and core skills, and of modular course structures such as GNVQ can be seen as further evidence of some general shift towards a broader, re-focused vocationalism. The reasons behind these shifts are themselves interesting and result from analyses of the changing needs of the economy, the labour market and, in particular, the nature of work. Post -Fordist and other analyses of current and prospective transformations in Western societies have stressed a requirement for some form of 'flexible' knowledge worker within collaborative, hightrust, high-skill, work relations (Brown and Lauder, 1991) and it is with some, albeit hasty and superficial, appreciation of these requirements that curriculum development has been stimulated. I say hasty and superficial because, a high degree of uncertainty still surrounds the extent of, the directions of, and the full implications of the developments anticipated in the post -Fordist analysis. Indeed, evidence of the anticipated flatter, leaner, hierarchies is not in great abundance, at least in Britain. Moreover, the surface features of post -Fordism are largely indistinguishable from those of the 'enterprise c ulture' and, where curriculum developments do not address fundamental differences between the two, their unresolved contradictions are carried forward into course planning. 'Student-centred learning', 'autonomy', 'entitlement', 'empowerment', 'democracy' and 'citizenship', which figure prominently in recent curriculum developments, are examples of concepts in popular use in post-compulsory education whose rhetorical value is their power to legitimise and compel common assent to curriculum innovations but whose more sinister function is to obscure the need for critical examination of those innovations (Avis, 1993:13-14). Nonetheless, many of the reforms to have taken place in post-compulsory education since the early 1990s, despite the problematic nature of their underlying evidence and logic, reflect a clear and visible attempt to shift from a narrowly focused 'preparation for work' towards some notion of preparation 'for life', 'for citizenship', 'for multi-skilled work' and 'for collaborative work relationships'. While the effects of such shifts are most evident in full-time vocational courses, and to some extent in A-level programmes, they have received little or no recognition in NVQ levels 1, 2 and 3. Consequently, the once clear purpose of vocational education has become bifurcated into 'vocational education' based in some broader concepts of vocation and preparation and 'occupational training' whose primary concern is to equip learners with skills for jobs. We can say that

Econ3077 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Econ3077 - Essay Example In such cases, a buyer will be willing to purchase or rather to pay an average price for any quality stock. At this point, he brings in the idea of high and a low quality company. For a high quality company, the executives will not be willing to sell anything at an average price; whether stock or shares. However, for the companies that agree to sell at an average price, they are deemed to be of low quality since it will destroy the quality of the stock market. Additionally, Akerlof (2003) mentions how heterogeneity in quality and the asymmetric information leads to diminishing or distraction of markets that have indefinite guarantees. Thus, presence of asymmetry information makes the buyer not to distinguish the quality of products. As a result, this gives sellers an opportunity to sell the low-quality goods at the same value as the high quality goods. However, the buyer takes quality into consideration and the goods with the average quality are the only ones considered. Consequentially, the goods that have high quality will be driven off the market in a recurring manner until there is no trade

I’m Nobody Essay Example for Free

I’m Nobody Essay â€Å"I’m Nobody! Who are You? † is a poem written by Emily Dickinson. The poem conveys the main idea of being alone, isolated from the society – or being â€Å"nobody†. This is partly influenced by the social gender status of Dickinson’s time – 19th century featured the inequality of sexes, where females were expected to stay at home and serve their husbands, thus disconnected from the society. As a result Dickinson had adapted and perhaps taken pleasure into being an outsider, whilst she found it boring to be part of the society – or to be a â€Å"somebody†. These are all various ideas reflected through Emily Dickinson’s poem. The poem has 2 stanzas very typical of Emily Dickinson’s style. Her choice of language in this poem is also very simple and succinct – but at the same time meaningful and pithy. The first line, â€Å"I’m nobody! †, shows how Dickinson admits to be a â€Å"nobody† willingly. Being a â€Å"nobody† can mean an outsider – a person who is isolated, alienated from the rest of the world and society. The second phrase of the line – â€Å"Who are you? † shows that the poem is directly written to a target. This person – shown on the second line of the first stanza, is a â€Å"nobody† too – perhaps even a friend of Dickinson. The poet also realizes the fact that being a â€Å"nobody† is to be loathed by the society. This is shown in line 3, when she advises the other â€Å"nobody† not to tell, as she states in line 4 â€Å"They’d banish us†. The word â€Å"They† in the beginning of lines 3 and 4 suggests the rest of the society – people who are â€Å"somebody†, as opposed to Dickinson’s â€Å"nobody’. The use of dash in line 3 shows the furtiveness of the phrase â€Å"don’t tell! †, emphasizing the hatred or dislike they face from the society. The same effect is achieved by the use of exclamation mark in line 3. Lines 3 and 4 can also be interpreted as that after she finds another â€Å"nobody†, they are a pair – not longer belong to a group of â€Å"nobodies†. She does not want to be banished from the status of being â€Å"nobodies†. A conclusion can be drawn that she feels more secure to be a â€Å"nobody†; she feels comfortable to be treated as a â€Å"nobody† by the rest of the society. The second stanza sees a noticeable change in Dickinson’s tone. The repetitions of â€Å"How† and â€Å"To† in the beginning of each line give a more secure and commanding tone. This can be explained by the â€Å"discovery† of another â€Å"nobody† stated by the poet in the first stanza – she feels more assured that to be a â€Å"nobody† is not too unacceptable as she is not the only one. Also perhaps because she feels more secure to be with a person who feels the same as she does and understands her, she is more willing and daring to express her more inner feelings. The poet states that it is â€Å"dreary to be somebody† in line 5 of the second stanza. â€Å"Dreary† refers to being boring or dull; and â€Å"to be somebody† suggests to be recognized by the society and belong to it. Hence Dickinson is suggesting that to be part of a society is tedious and meaningless to her, which can also implies being a â€Å"nobody† is the contrary – interesting and meaningful. A further implication may be that being â€Å"nobody† allows her to write poetry – as it is not part of the â€Å"traditional role† of women at her time to write poetry, and instead women were expected to serve only their husbands. However, being a â€Å"nobody† in the society helps her to escape her role of being a â€Å"women†, granting her freedom instead. Hence we can see that poetry is meaningful to her. She also compares that to be â€Å"somebody† is like to be â€Å"public†, another indication that Dickinson likes isolation – which is proven correctly as one would learn that she locked herself in her house for the majority of her life. Dickinson uses a simile to compare â€Å"somebody† to a â€Å"frog† in line 6. This can be explained by the fact that â€Å"frogs† are considered noisy with the sound they generate. Combining with line 8, â€Å"To an admiring bog! †, it suggests the idea that frogs create noise to be noticed – but only by â€Å"an admiring bog†. A bog is the environment in which a frog dwells – this creates an irony. Emily Dickinson is suggesting that although being a â€Å"somebody† means being noticed by the public, but the public to â€Å"somebody† is like a bog to a frog – it is not really a relationship, or friendship, as no one would say that a bog is the friend of a frog. Also the word â€Å"admiring† creates a whole sense of sarcasm to the idea – and the technique of personification is used to describe the â€Å"bog† as well, perhaps to emphasize the sarcasm of the simile. Overall the poet suggests that to be â€Å"somebody† might mean to be well-known, accepted by the society; however the relationships are often shallow, distanced or impersonal. The rhyming of the words â€Å"frog† and â€Å"bog† also suggests a congenial relationship between â€Å"Somebody† and her targeted audience – conveying the idea that the poem is a direct criticism against the â€Å"somebody† – the general public. Through the use of contrast and irony between â€Å"Nobody† and â€Å"Somebody†, her strong will to be a â€Å"nobody† is shown, as well as her despise towards â€Å"somebody†. This poem reflects Emily Dickinson’s life and perhaps her more inner and cryptic feelings – it was probably written from the heart. She imprisoned herself for the most of her life, completely isolated from the rest of the world. This may contribute to the reason why she thinks being an â€Å"outsider† is better than being â€Å"somebody†, and that she does not value â€Å"friendship† in the same way as normal people do. However at the same time it was also proven in the poem – for instance she found another â€Å"nobody† in the first stanza – that she is not totally a recluse, and that she treasures the very few friendships she had.

Essay --

Sondra Haywood 11/21/13 English period 3 Research Paper The Pros and Cons of Standardized Tests Every year, the average American student who attends public school is forced to prepare for standardized tests even though it is not necessarily beneficial to his or her education. Standardized testing has become a main focus in modern day schools across the U.S nation, causing a monumental increase in the amount of time a student prepares for a test. On an estimate, students are expected to study a staggering amount of 60 to 110 hours a year in order to get decent, meaning and average C or higher, on the standardized tests. Not only is standardized test producing a large amount of unnecessary work in order to score the apparent intelligence of the body of students, but it also comes at a high expense. â€Å"Including the cost of lost instructional time (at $6.15 per hour, equivalent to the per-student cost of adding one hour to the school day), the estimated annual testing cost per pupil ranged from $700 to more than $1,000 per pupil in several grades that participated in standard ized testing†. (Strauss). Even though standardized tests are commonly known for benefitting the country as a whole, it is not improving the education in America because it is not enabling young American students to reach their full potential. Even though standardized tests often decrease the potential ability of students all over the U.S, it does improve the educational system in some areas. For example, standardized test can be a reliable and consistent mean for education to students who attend underprivileged schools. That means, young students of America who attend schools that would ordinarily be below the educational standard bar, are not falling behind d... ...very poorly. Standardized tests have done more harm than good in numerous ways including diminishing the chance of opportunity, bringing down the standard bar of schools across the nation, and creating a boring perception of knowledge. Even though standardized tests can bring up schools education in some cases, it would be better if standardized tests were discontinued. Discontinuing the use of such harsh and prioritized tests will promote a good sense of opportunity to both low-income and high-income students, bring up the standard bar of schools, and provide a creative educational environment where students strive to learn. The thirst of knowledge is so critical to the world today because it provides an inspiration to make the world a better place. The use of standardized test diminishes the chance of creating a better education for the students of the modern day.

Knock’s Educated Man

The â€Å"Disadvantages of Being Educated† examines contemporary society’s preference for building specialized skills at the expense of liberal education. Albert Knock believes that today’s curricula have changed its orientation from helping create the Renaissance Man from the tabula rasa into the mechanic of Ford or the programmer of Silicon Valley. Knock pointed out that this is training and should not be synonymous with education. Being proficient or trained in something could categorize one as trained but not educated. Training is not synonymous to having been educated. Knock’s man has cultivated his intellect and character to the point where his options for the future included, in his words, â€Å"what he could become and be instead of what he could get and do†. What is surprising for him is contemporary society’s not distinguishing between the difference between training and education which was not the case before. During the Medieval period, scholars of classical works were looked upon as learned men. The cobbler, builder, stonemasons, tinkerers, and town criers were on a subordinate level far below that of the scholastics. Carrying on with Knock’s line of thought, we could imagine the manual laborers of the Dark Ages as having become shoe stylists and fashion models, engineers, computer programmers and technicians, and TV hosts of today who are good in their fields and perhaps below mediocre in dialectics. Yet, the honor of having â€Å"made it† is easily applied to them by contemporary society than to the stereotyped harried-looking teacher of a university. Knock has nothing against the emphasis on specialization. He argued that specialization and liberal education are relevant. Both could be had instead of having one being preferred at the expense of the other. Knock expressed regret this is not so today. The educated man that he had in mind would be hard put to find his place in today’s modern setting. His educated man is open to other fields of interests that would encourage the thinking process: argue the ills of society, participate in dialectics, and develop a mind that is always inquiring and trying to discover what is good for the best kind of life. Since today’s trend in life is getting the proper or specialized skill that could ensure one a high-paying job, Knock’s educated man would have difficulty connecting with his contemporaries. He would not be in agreement with their having narrowing the focus of their concentration and energy to the mundane ambition of having an eight- to- five job that could buy them a Superbowl ticket and ensure a healthy pension after working as a cog or bolt in an assembly line. He would not even care to become the main nut in that assembly line. Each field created its own complexities and somebody having found himself a niche in his chosen field could claim a consultancy fee. I could be a consultant to the Tupperware Company if my scientific expertise resulted to inventing a fireproof plastic. The skill acquired in such a field may be hopelessly irrelevant during the Renaissance period but the pay is hopefully and insanely more than sufficient to ensure a comfortable life while still pursuing new plastic discoveries. One can only stay in the business if he or she will continue to update with new developments or make new developments himself. Failure to do so would condemn oneself to irrelevance in his chosen field. Meaning, the acquisition of knowledge on plastics will have to continue until the moment I die, perhaps induced by having to work with plastic. The competition for the American dream is rigid and I could not afford to pause for a breath asking the meaning of life while everybody else is plunging down to their success. As a student, Knock would prefer me to be the educated man that he has in mind. He wouldn’t agree to my cultivating a mindset that looks forward to having just a job to enable me to pay for my daily meals, ensure payment for my cable bills, and after work enabling me to be a couch potato. Knock would love see me entertain ideas for ideas’ sake and look at them as an educated man would look: objectively and disinterestedly. Knock perhaps sees the mainstream as a flock of sheep narrowing their vision on the grass before them and seldom raising their heads to appreciate the greater perspective. For most of us-including me- the trend is acquiring skills; the more specialized the skill, the greater the opportunity for a well-placed and well-paying job. The past-paced world that we have today is unkind to thinkers. Why pursue the meaning of life when what is life has already been defined by the American dream? Consumerist society measures a man by his capability to purchase the hottest and the latest pick. For someone to indulge in the search for the meaning of life would be condemning oneself to a meaningless life of penury and from the viewpoint of the mainstream-irrelevance. The social construct on success has already been insinuated, defined, and considered as an end. Knock may quote Longfellow and implore me, â€Å"Be not like dumb, driven cattle, be the hero in the strife†. Yes, I have already heard it in the required subjects in the first year and it is difficult to indulge myself in them when I am about to major in something useful. History, reexamining its ills, could not buy my cappuccino at Starbucks; Moliere and his wit could not pay for my taxicab fare; and I have no time to waste on Kant’s â€Å"Critique on Pure Reason† when I have to attend a workshop on plastics. Free thinking could free the soul, nourish the intellect, and strengthen the character. This is quite noble and at best, the preoccupation of the Renaissance Man. This is tempting but it would be difficult to explain myself to my friends in when we met to socialize or even to my family during a reunion.

Price Elasticity of Supply

This is the third article in this series on the economic concept of elasticity. The first explains the basic concept of elasticity and illustrates it using price elasticity of demand as an example. The second article in the series considers Income Elasticity of Demand.  Ã‚   A brief review  of the concept of elasticity and of price elasticity of demand appears in the section immediately following. In the section following that income elasticity of demand is also reviewed.  In the final section, price elasticity of supply is explained and its formula given in the context of the discussion and reviews in the previous sections. A Brief Review of Elasticity in Economics Consider the demand for a certain good—aspirin, for example. What happens to the demand for one manufacturers aspirin product when that manufacturer—which well call manufacturer X—raises the price? Keeping that question in mind, consider a different situation: the demand for the worlds most expensive new automobile, the  Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita. Its reported retail price is $4.8 million. What do you think might happen if the manufacturer raised the price to $5.2M or lowered it to $4.4M?   Now, return to the question of the demand for manufacturer Xs aspirin product following an increase in the retail price. If you guessed that the demand for Xs aspirin  might decline substantially, youd be right. It makes sense, because, first, every manufacturers aspirin product is essentially the same as anothers—theres no health advantage whatsoever in selecting one manufacturers product over another. Second, the product is widely available from a number of other manufacturers—the consumer always has a number available choices. So, when a consumer selects an aspirin product, one of the few things that distinguish manufacturer Xs product from others is that it costs a little more. So why would the consumer choose X? Well, some might continue to buy aspirin X out of habit or brand loyalty, but many very probably would not. Now, lets return to the Koenigsegg CCXR, which currently costs $4.8M, and think about what might happen if the price went up or down a few hundred thousand. If you thought it might not change the demand for the car by that much, youre right again. Why? Well, first of all, anyone in the market for a multi-million dollar automobile is not a frugal shopper. Someone who has money enough to consider the purchase is unlikely to be concerned about price. Theyre concerned primarily about the car, which is unique. So the second reason why the demand might not change much with price is that, really, if you want that particular driving experience, theres no alternative. How would you state these two situations in more formal economic terms? Aspirin has a high price elasticity of demand, meaning that small changes in price have greater demand consequences. The Koenigsegg CCXR Trevita has a low elasticity of demand, meaning that changing the price doesnt greatly change buyer demand.  Another way of stating the same thing a little more generally is that when the demand for the product has a percentage change thats less than the percentage change in the products price, the demand is said to be inelastic. When the percentage increase or decrease in demand is greater than the percentage increase in price, the demand  is said to be elastic.   The formula for price elasticity of demand, which is explained in a little more detail in the first article in this series, is: Price Elasticity of Demand (PEoD) (% Change in Quantity Demanded/ (% Change in Price) A Review of Income Elasticity of Demand The second article in this series, Income Elasticity of Demand, considers the effect on demand of a different variable, this time consumer income. What happens to consumer demand when consumer income drops? The article explains that what happens to consumer demand for a product when consumer income drops depends upon the product. If the product is a necessity—water, for instance—when consumer income drops they will continue to use water—perhaps a little more carefully—but theyll probably cut back on other purchases. To generalize this idea slightly, consumer demand for essential products will be relatively inelastic  with respect to changes in consumer income, but elastic  for products that are not essential. The formula for this is: Income Elasticity of Demand (% Change in Quantity Demanded)/(% Change in Income) Price Elasticity of Supply The price elasticity of supply (PEoS) is used to see how sensitive the supply of a good is to a price change. The higher the price elasticity, the more sensitive producers and sellers are to price changes. A very high price elasticity suggests that when the price of a good goes up, sellers will supply a great deal less of the good and when the price of that good goes down, sellers will supply a great deal more. A very low price elasticity implies just the opposite, that changes in price have little influence on supply. The formula for price elasticity of supply is: PEoS (% Change in Quantity Supplied)/(% Change in Price) As with the elasticity of other variables If PEoS 1 then Supply is Price Elastic (Supply is sensitive to price changes)If PEoS 1 then Supply is Unit ElasticIf PEoS 1 then Supply is Price Inelastic (Supply is not sensitive to price changes) Incidentally, we always ignore the negative sign when analyzing  price  elasticity, so PEoS is always positive.

Socioeconomic Status And The Prediction Of Morbidity And...

There have been many studies conducted on socioeconomic status and the prediction of morbidity and mortality. It tends to have a huge affect on how individuals maintain their everyday lives. â€Å"Socioeconomic status (SES) is often measured as a combination of education, income, and occupation. It is commonly conceptualized as the social standing or class of an individual or group. When viewed through a social class lens, privilege, power, and control are emphasized. Furthermore, an examination of SES as a gradient or continuous variable reveals inequities in access to and distribution of resources. SES is relevant to all realms of behavioral and social science, including research, practice, education, and advocacy† (American Psychological Association, 2014). A person’s socioeconomic status includes variables that impact their susceptibility to contracting certain diseases, some of those variables including their income, occupation, and education. For example, someone who lives in a low income area may not have enough money to supply their everyday needs. That individual may only have enough money to eat what they can afford and not eat healthier foods (sometimes higher priced), which could lead to future health problems. Another example would be someone who has minimal education. There is a huge gap between an individual with a bachelor’s degree and someone with only a high school diploma. As we all know, earnings increase with the amount of education one has, whichShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Climate Change On Community Health2283 Words   |  10 Pagesbetter idea of what to do to address climate change. Hazard identification. The identified hazard is climate change. Climate change can lead to many health problems, including but not limited to respiratory diseases, cancer, heat-related morbidity and mortality, mental health problems, and vectorborne, zoonotic, and waterborne diseases. 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The Education Of Malcolm X Essay - 984 Words

Literacy is power. Being taught to read and write is important to function in society. You learn to read and write to express your feelings and communicate with others. Frederick Douglass and Malcom X both succeeded in learning how to read and write, but in different ways. The education of Malcolm X was learned more formally. Frederick Douglass learned from his surroundings and the people around him. Malcom and Frederick battled in reading and writing, but learned in similar and different ways. During the 1960s, Malcolm X was one of many articulate and powerful leaders of black America. Before he was a street hustler and spent seven years in prison, where he educated himself. Before this time, he was almost completely illiterate. He describes how he could hardly compose a sentence with a straight line or correctly articulates words, let alone read and write. Not being able to express his thoughts and feelings in the letters he wrote inspired him to educate himself. 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Lean Principles And Process Management of Mcdonald’s †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about theLean Principles And Process Management of Mcdonalds. Answer: Introduction Lean manufacturing is an important concept that helps to improve quality of services and also helps to reduce cost of production. Lean principles are also applied in factory setting and help to make the work of people more efficient. The managers and the owners take the decisions according to the operations and production capacity of the organization. Each organization selects manufacturing or service process design according to the requirements and some conditions also affect the decisions. The process design an organization selects, determine efficiency and effectiveness of production (Lyons et al., 2013). Today many organizations are applying lean principles in the manufacturing process design through which organizations are getting many benefits. Companies are not only focusing on production or manufacturing process but also giving focus on customer service. The lean philosophy can also be known as lean manufacturing, lean thinking or Toyota production system. In mid-50s the conc ept of lean philosophy was given by Japanese and many companies are being familiar with the concept. Earlier only manufacturing companies were applying lean principles for lean manufacturing or lean production but now service sectors are also using lean principles to improve service level. Many service industries have applied lean principles and also got benefits. In service industry, lean principles are mainly applied to increase customer satisfaction level (Chase Apte, 2007). Many researchers have contributed in developing lean philosophy. For better understanding the lean philosophy, some concepts are included in the report such as introduction of lean principles and applicability of lean principles in service process design. The company that is taken for the research is McDonalds. McDonalds Company McDonalds is a famous American company. The company was founded in 1940 by Maurice McDonald and Richard McDonald in San Bernardino, California. It is one of the largest fast food restaurants. The company follows Speedy service system process. First franchise of McDonalds opened in 1953 in Phonex, Arizona. Companys headquarter is in Oak Brook, Illinois in United States. Today McDonalds is the biggest restaurant chain and the company is providing services to almost 68 million consumers each day. According to the report generated in 2016, it was observed that more than 375,000 people are working in this company. Currently there are 5669 company owned locations and franchised locations are around 21,559. Today there are approximately 36900 outlets that are operating in 120 countries. Andrew J. McKenna is the chairman and Steve Easterbrook is the president and CEO. McDonalds famous products are Hamburgers, French fries, chicken, soft drinks, milk shakes, coffee, breakfast and desserts. In 2016, the companys revenue was recorded as US$24.622 billion. The company uses different business models at different places. Ireland and United Kingdom business model is totally different from US business model. The company is focusing to provide high quality nutritious food in low cost to customers. The company is committed to enhance customer experience by continuously improving the operations. The company is popular due to its excellent customer service (Mcdonalds, 2017). Service process design The McDonalds company uses service process design. The company focuses on both goods and services. In McDonalds customers can interact face to face with service providers. McDonalds has a large customer base providing services to many customers in a day. Company deals with so many customers in a day and focuses to satisfy them with the services. The technology McDonalds is using is providing competitive advantage to the company as the company is able to handle so many customers at one time. Company is using modern microwaves, fryers and automatic drink makers to provide fast services to customers. The company is constantly working to provide latest technology services to customers. Companys service process design needs to be flexible to meet the needs of consumers (Leavy, 2010) Literature Review In the current scenario lean manufacturing is a significant tool and many industries are using lean concept. The research papers related to lean implementation concept have been published in many reputed journals. In the research papers many researchers have given their opinion on lean implementation. Lean tools are applicable in various sectors like manufacturing, service, trading and other sectors. Researchers Salem et al., 2016, did complete research on lean concepts, tools , techniques and principles in various industries in Qatar and identified lean benefits and challenges. The researchers collected important information from different 333 organizations related to various sectors like academic institutions, service sectors and oil and gas sector by online survey. The results helped to understand that in Qatar the industries require to give more focus on lean concept in order to compete at global level. The research also helped to know that in different industries there are differences in level of awareness and recognition of lean concept. Famous researchers Chaple, Narkhede Akarte, 2014, investigated the barriers and enablers in applicability of lean concept. It can be easily identified by analyzing manufacturing or service model of Indian industries. The researchers have analyzed that automobile and electronic industries are majorly applying lean concepts than other industries. The researchers also identified that in any industry mainly managers are responsible for implementation of lean concept. Many managers give major contribution in decision making activity. The success of the organization mainly depends upon the capabilities of managers. Two popular researchers Chikhalikar Sharma, 2015, did research on lean implementation on engine manufacturing unit. The country selected for the research is India. The research explored that some factors like improper information transmission, waste, improper control on inventory management, transportation problem and inadequate material flow create barriers in lean implementation. The problem can be solved by implementing Six sigma, Kanban, JIT, Kaizen and TPM. Kumar Kumar, 2015 did research to make connectivity between lean manufacturing elements and Indian manufacturing industry. They identified the benefits of lean manufacturing as the concept helps in cost cutting, quality improvement and in inventory management. The researchers, ?iarnien? VienaÃ… ¾indien?, 2014, revealed the barriers and challenges the organization faces while implementing lean concept. Lean concept helps to create value to the company and also to the end customers. In lean philosophy companies focus to reduce waste and also use waste management methods. Three barriers organization faces are process barrier, people barrier and sustainability barrier. The barriers can be handled by using effective tools and methods. Human motivation can help to remove people barrier. The top management should give contribution in implementation of lean concept in the organization and the lean concept should be applied through formulating appropriate strategy. The organizations should give focus on value to the customer, continuous flow, waste elimination and pull driven system. The research conducted by Almeida Marodin Saurin, 2015, helped to identify some risks that can give negative impact on lean production implementation process. The researchers also showed the classification of risks and the interrelation between risks. The researchers used various sources like interview, document analysis and observation to collect data. The researchers identified that internal risks affect the system more than external risks. There are two important stages in risk management like risk response and risk monitoring or controlling. From the exploratory factor analysis the researchers identified 14 risks. Top managers, middle level managers and lower level managers involvement is required in lean implementation process. Shah Ward, 2007, defined that lean implementation is a combined social technical system and the main aim is to reduce waste by concurrently reducing internal variability. According Gfu Teodorescu, 2014, Lean concept is globally adapted standard that helps to do assembly of different parts. Successful lean implementation helps in problem solving. Proper employee involvement is required for implementation of appropriate methods and practices. In the research Chauhan Singh, 2012, depicted about JIT, elimination of waste and customer value. In lean manufacturing some parameters are important such as JIT deliveries, multifunctional teams, vertical information system, pull, zero defects, and elimination of waste. Many companies are using JIT approach for providing value to customers. Lean principles Lean manufacturing theory mainly focuses on waste reduction. The organization focuses to achieve more with fewer efforts. Organizations use some resources in some activities that are actually not required as the resources are not contributing in value. Lean principles can be applied on manufacturing, design, distribution activities and in customer service processes. The concept was founded by Taiichi Ohno, a Toyota executive during the reconstruction period of post-world war in Japan and Daniel T. Jones and James P. Womack are the persons who popularized the concept and these authors also described lean manufacturing in their book published in 1996. In lean philosophy the companies try to shorten time between customer order and product delivery. Long production time increases cost of production of goods. In lean production, companies focus to reduce cycle time. Lean manufacturing gives emphasis on 3 points elimination of waste, strategy and shorten lead times (Corbett, 2007). Process management can be defined as planning and monitoring of business processes. Business processes can be understood as manufacturing processes, business process reengineering and business process management. Proper knowledge, measure, skills, control, tools, techniques are required to improve business processes with the purpose to meet organizations goals and customers requirements. In process management some activities are involved like defining a process, assigning responsibilities, analysis of process performance, explore opportunities for improvement. The lean manufacturing concept is based on 5 major principles that promote lean thinking. Namely the lean principles are - specify value, value stream, flow, pull and perfection. The principles are based on continuous improvement, elimination of waste, just in time production and quality management. Waste elimination can be controlled by reducing over production and over processing and by monitoring unnecessary motion, wastage of inventory, production defects, waiting time and transportation time. Specify value Each organization needs to understand the value customer perceives for product or service. The value of product or service helps to determine the money customers can pay for it. Toyota and many other companies have used top down target costing approach for products or services. Target costing mainly gives focus on buyers as how much money buyers can pay for particular product, service and feature. The cost of the product is calculated by this method. It is companys work to reduce waste and control cost so that good level of profit can be earned through customers. Integrate value stream The value chain includes the complete flow in product development process from availability of raw materials to the final delivery of product to the customer and produces the outcome that can generate value. The company uses the principle in manufacturing process to maintain cost of the product and to monitor the waste production in manufacturing process. For entire value chain stream companies focus to manage supply chain relationship. Value stream includes three steps namely they are concept generation, information management and physical transportation (Oliver, Schab Holweg, 2007). Make the offering flow In organization the work should be performed speedily without interruption. Proper work flow should be maintained to reduce cost and time. If the work flow stops due to any reason then there are chances that more waste will be produced in the situation. There should be proper synchronization among work activities so that delay situation cannot be occurred. The flow process should be designed carefully. The lean principle helps to remove obstacles and bottlenecks that can create problem in flow process (Vinodh Joy, 2012). Implement pull This lean principle concept focuses on customers demand. The companies that do not follow lean concept use push system and the company performs operations according to the convenience of work operators. In this system sometimes company produces the output that is actually not in demand. Lean organizations react to the demands of customers. Companies pull the work by the system. The pull system concept means the companies do not produce anything until customer gives order for the product or service. To achieve this greater flexibility and short cycle time are required in production and delivery of the product or services. Companies need to ensure that customers demands should be satisfied within the given time limit. Perfection The first four lean principles are related to implementation but the last one is related to improvement. The lean manufacturers focus to get perfection and generate ideas for more improvement. A perfect system delivers right value to the customers. The lean manufacturers ensure that each process step should add value to the output. Products should be produced in desired quality (Lee, Olson Trimi, 2010). Applicability of lean principles in McDonalds In the mid twentieth century many companies faced problems due to rise in competition and McDonalds too faced some problems. The company maintained high position by improving services. McDonalds company can gain more benefits by applying several lean principles. The lean principles help to increase value and reduce waste. Some lean principles can be implemented in McDonalds service process design. The key lean principles like value, pull, establish flow and perfection can be applied in McDonalds (Surez-Barraza, Smith Dahlgaard-Park, 2012). In McDonald some persons take orders from the customers and in just few minutes provide the delivery to them. Customer can select from the available products like cheeseburgers, combo pack, hamburgers can also tell additional requirements to the service provider like extra cheese, spicy or normal. Company can use value principle by providing the products and services that can give satisfaction to the customers. Today many people like to place orde r on website and telephone, the company can increase the value by providing the services according to the demand of customers (Jain Lyons, 2009). If customers get good services they like to use services again. Customers like McDonalds services because they get fast delivery. Value lean principle can applied by McDonalds members by ensuring that customers are not waiting in the queue for long time and the staff members are taking the orders by interacting with customers face to face (Ng et al., 2010). By the use of modern technology waiting time can be reduced. A computer system can be used to manage the work. Customer can get fast delivery of food by using modern cooking equipment. Highly skilled workforce can also help to deliver the order fast. Earlier McDonalds was using batch production method to prepare sandwiches. In batch production Method Company used to make many sandwiches at one time and then keep the sandwiches warm in the warming bins but later company released that th rough this method waste production is increasing. Lean principles can help to deal with this situation. The lean principle, implement pull supports just in time approach. In this approach the service provider starts operation when customers order is received. Just in time approach will not only provide benefit to McDonalds but also will increase organizations value. Just in time approach is possible in McDonalds because the company is using many automatic machines through which the customers can get fast services. Through the automatic machines the customers can get quick delivery. Company needs to give focus on flow of information. From placing the order to the delivery to the customer the cycle time can be reduced by maintaining proper flow of information. At right time the information should be transmitted to right person so that delay cannot be occurred in the process (Dora et al., 2014). Proper flow helps to reduce time, cost and waste. Company focuses to deliver best quality food in short period of time so that customers need not to wait for long time. The lean principle, perfection can be applied in McDonalds as continuous improvement can give many benefits to the company. Perfection in services process design can give competitive advantage to the company as continuous improvement attracts more and more customers. By continuous quality improvement and by reducing cost, perfection can be implemented (Womack Jones, 2010). New improved concepts help to increase demands of customers as customers like to try something new. Perfection can be achieved by reducing unnecessary motion, by maintaining suppliers and the customers, by reducing wastage production and by focusing on customer service. The organization needs to implement some changes in the system according to the environment. Although McDonaldss company has received worldwide popularity but the competitors of the company are increasing rapidly because of the att ractiveness of the industry. There are so many competitors of McDonalds such as Starbucks, Yum Brands, Subway, Panera, Burger King, and Wendys. McDonalds has to compete with some local competitors too. So the company needs to adapt appropriate lean principles to hold the top position in the market. By applying lean principles the company can maintain customers loyalty also gain efficiency. For applying lean principles in the system people involvement is required. All the team members need to know their roles and responsibility so that proper coordination in the work can be established. Each person should understand the responsibility and should perform the work properly because the complete system can be failed if one person does not perform his work. Supplier, service provider and customers are the important part of the system. Each staff member should have knowledge of every step of the system. This can help to develop knowledge in team members. Conclusion McDonalds is one of the major key plays in fast food market. The company is popular and has established good brand image in the market because of its quality and services. It can be concluded from above discussion that McDonalds which one of the popular companies in fast food industry can improve the customer service process by applying lean principles. Lean principles can help McDonalds to reduce cost and to improve customer service. Company can improve quality of products and services by applying lean principles. Five major lean principles are discussed in the report are principle of value, principle of value stream, principle of flow, pull system and perfection (Hanna, 2007). McDonalds company can implement lean principles like value, pull system, perfection and flow. These lean principles can help in eliminating waste, controlling overproduction, reducing waiting time, managing inventory level and reducing number of defects. For applying lean principles the company needs to inclu de everyone for achieving improvement. References Almeida Marodin, G. and Saurin, T.A., 2015. Managing barriers to lean production implementation: context matters. International Journal of Production Research, 53(13), pp.3947-3962. Chaple, A.P., Narkhede, B.E. and Akarte, M.M., 2014. Status of implementation of Lean manufacturing principles in the context of Indian industry: A Literature Review. In 5th International 26th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research Conference (AIMTDR 2014) December 12th14th, IIT Guwahati, Assam, India. Chase, R.B. and Apte, U.M., 2007. A history of research in service operations: What's the big idea?. Journal of Operations Management, 25(2), pp.375-386. Chauhan, G. and Singh, T.P., 2012. 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